

How To Become a Forensic Psychologist
What Is a Forensic Psychologist?
A forensic psychologist is a licensed psychologist with a doctoral degree who specializes in applying clinical psychology to the legal system.(See disclaimer 1) A forensic psychologist may assess individuals who are involved in a legal case, such as criminal defendants, and provide expert opinions to police officers, judges and other legal professionals regarding the individual’s mental state.(See disclaimer 1) Forensic psychologists may work on either criminal or civil cases.
Approximate number of incarcerated individuals in the U.S. at any given time(See disclaimer 2)
What Does a Forensic Psychologist Do?
Forensic psychologists study criminal behavior and behavioral patterns. They focus on victimology, which examines how victims are affected by crime, how they navigate the legal system and why they may have been vulnerable to criminal acts.(See disclaimer 3)
These professionals collaborate with various members of the legal system, including police officers, judges and correctional officers. Their goals include evaluating offenders and victims, assisting in crime-solving and treating mental health issues.(See disclaimer 3) In addition, forensic psychologists may conduct original research that explores offenders, crime scenes and victims.
Forensic psychologists responsibilities include:
Assessing
Forensic psychologists interview suspects, defendants and inmates to evaluate their mental state and psychological functioning.
Consulting
These professionals advise legal teams on an individual’s mental state and their fitness to stand trial.
Training
Forensic psychologists provide instruction to police officers and other first responders on topics related to psychology and human behavior.
Providing testimony
They offer expert testimony in court regarding a defendant’s mental state and related psychological findings.
Counseling
Forensic psychologists with doctoral degrees and clinical licenses treat inmates who have mental health disorders through appropriate therapeutic interventions.
Threat modeling
These professionals conduct threat assessments to evaluate the level of risk an individual may pose to others or to society.
What Experience and Education Does a Forensic Psychologist Need?
An aspiring forensic psychologist needs extensive academic credentials and applied experience to obtain licensure.(See disclaimer 3) When determining how to become a forensic psychologist, it’s important to research the specific requirements for licensure as a forensic psychologist in the state in which you plan to work. State requirements can differ, but licensure is generally required.(See disclaimer 3)
High School Diploma
College Degree
Internships
Professional Certifications
Best Degrees for Forensic Psychologists
Forensic psychologists are highly educated and credentialed professionals(See disclaimer 3) who need expertise in both psychological principles and the workings of the legal system. They benefit from an education that emphasizes research skills and scientific literacy, among other competencies.(See disclaimer 6) While it’s possible to pursue graduate-level education in forensic psychology with a range of different bachelor’s degrees(See disclaimer 3), it’s recommended to choose psychology degrees that offer coursework in forensic psychology to gain early exposure to this subfield.
Degrees in forensic psychology may cover topics and competencies such as:
Psychological research and scientific reasoning
Principles of forensic psychology
Elements of crime and the criminal justice system
Types of trauma and treating victims of trauma
Victimology and criminal behavior
Symptoms, diagnoses and treatment of mental illness
Degree Programs for Forensic Psychologists
3 Matching Degrees

What Skills Does a Forensic Psychologist Need?
A forensic psychologist needs advanced expertise in both scientific competencies pertaining to psychology and knowledge of the legal field, including legal theory, procedures and law, and how those areas intersect with clinical matters, psychological principles and professional ethics.(See disclaimer 7)
Some of the most important skills and traits for a forensic psychologist include:(See disclaimer 3, 6)
Research skills
Ethical judgement
Scientific literacy
Communication skills
Analytical thinking
Interpersonal skills
Where Do Forensic Psychologists Work?
Forensic psychologists work in diverse settings that support the legal and justice systems. They are employed in courts, correctional facilities, hospitals, government agencies and private practice.(See disclaimer 8) Their roles often include conducting evaluations and treatments in jails and prisons, providing assessments or expert testimony in court and offering consultation to law enforcement agencies. The specific work environment typically reflects their area of specialization.
Some work settings for forensic psychologists could include:(See disclaimer 8)
Prisons
Forensic psychologists assess and provide psychological treatment to incarcerated individuals addressing mental health needs and evaluating risk or rehabilitation progress.
Police Departments
In law enforcement settings, they provide training to officers on topics related to mental illness, crisis response and behavioral awareness.
Courthouses
Psychology professionals provide expert testimony on a defendant’s mental status, competency or psychological functioning to aid in judicial decisions.
Law Firms
Forensic psychologists advise attorneys on matters such a family law cases, jury selection strategies and dispute resolution.
Median annual salary for psychologists as of May 2024(See disclaimer 9)
Projected job growth rate for psychologists from 2024 through 2034(See disclaimer 10)

Advancement Opportunities Within Forensic Psychology
Forensic psychologists who are interested in career advancement might consider obtaining board certification in addition to their licensure.(See disclaimer 5) They may decide to move laterally into a different subspecialty, such as from counseling inmates to conducting threat assessments or consulting law enforcement. Some forensic psychologists may decide to establish their own private practices.(See disclaimer 8)
Explore More on Forensic Psychology
Learn more about the process of becoming a forensic psychologist and what you can expect from the psychology career field. Explore GCU’s blog articles on psychology.

Psychology is a field with many specialization options. Explore some of the types of psychology, including abnormal psychology and biopsychology.

Take a closer look at the modern criminal justice system and learn the difference between criminal and forensic psychology.

You don’t need a doctoral degree to work in forensic psychology. These five career options show other paths you can pursue.

Make an impact on the legal system and support victims by studying forensic psychology at GCU.
- American Board of Forensic Psychology. (n.d.). What Is Forensic Psychology? Retrieved April 2026.
- Prison Policy Initiative. (n.d.). United States Profile. Retrieved April 2026.
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2025, Aug. 28). How to Become a Psychologist. Occupational Outlook Handbook. Retrieved April 2026.
- Cherry, K., MSEd. (2026, Feb. 3). Classes to Take in High School for Future Psychology Majors. VeryWell Mind. Retrieved April 2026.
- American Board of Professional Psychology. (n.d.). Forensic Psychology. Retrieved April 2026.
- Bouchrika, I., PhD. (2026, April 14). 2026 Forensic Psychology Careers: Guide to Career Paths, Job Outlook, & Salary. Research.com. Retrieved April 2026.
- American Psychological Association. (2008). Forensic Psychology. Retrieved April 2026.
- American Psychological Association. (2014). A Career in Forensic and Public Service Psychology. Retrieved April 2026.
- The earnings referenced were reported by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Psychologists, as of May 2024, retrieved April 2026. Due to COVID-19, data from 2020 to 2023 may be atypical compared to prior years. BLS calculates the median using salaries of workers nationwide with varying levels of education and experience. It does not reflect the earnings of GCU graduates as psychologists, nor does it reflect the earnings of workers in one city or region of the country or a typical entry-level salary. Median income is the statistical midpoint for the range of salaries in a specific occupation. It is very unlikely that a median salary will reflect an entry-level salary. It represents what you would earn if you were paid more money than half the workers in an occupation, and less than half the workers in an occupation. It may give you a basis to estimate what you might earn at some point if you enter this career. Grand Canyon University can make no guarantees on individual graduates’ salaries. Your employability will be determined by numerous factors over which GCU has no control, such as the employer the graduate chooses to apply to, the graduate’s experience level, individual characteristics, skills, etc. against a pool of candidates.
- COVID-19 has adversely affected the global economy and data from 2020 to 2023 may be atypical compared to prior years. Accordingly, data shown is effective August 2025, which can be found here: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Outlook Handbook, Psychologists, retrieved April 2026.

