Understanding Biblical Hermeneutics

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Read time 4 minutes

Brenda Decker

Published on Mar 27, 2025

Two people reading the same novel may interpret it differently. Having different interpretations of a novel is seldom seen as problematic. However, when reading the Bible it is essential to know that there is one accurate interpretation of each passage. Figuring this out is not always easy. It requires understanding the author’s intent through the use of context, genre, history, geography, an awareness of the original language and other factors.¹

How, then, can biblical scholars and everyday Christians interpret biblical passages faithfully? The solution is biblical hermeneutics. It’s the method that helps modern readers understand the original intent of each biblical passage so that a proper interpretation can be made.² Biblical hermeneutics is considered the science and the art of interpreting Scripture. It’s called a “science” because there are rules and guidelines that help us interpret biblical texts accurately, and it’s an “art” because interpreting Scripture requires skill and thoughtful application.³

So, how can you apply it to your understanding of biblical texts? Let’s take a closer look at this guide.

What Is Biblical Hermeneutics?

Biblical hermeneutics is the process of interpreting or translating the Bible from its original languages in a way that is meaningful and accurate for modern readers.⁴ The goal of hermeneutics is to uncover the intended meaning of the biblical text, considering both the historical context in which it was written and how it can be applied today. It's a discipline that seeks to understand what the initial authors intended to communicate and how those messages are relevant to us now.

Hermeneutics is about understanding the overall meaning of the Bible in a faithful way, bridging the gap between ancient texts and contemporary life. This includes examining language, culture, context and historical background to interpret Scripture correctly, ensuring that its divine message remains clear and unaltered across time.⁵ Biblical hermeneutics helps believers interpret Scripture with accuracy, clarity and respect.

Why Is Hermeneutics Important?

Hermeneutics helps preserve the integrity of Scripture. It safeguards against misinterpretation, ensuring that we honor the truth of God’s Word. Without the tools and methods provided by hermeneutics, we risk distorting the message of the Bible and applying it incorrectly.

For example, casual Bible readers might see a contradiction between the Apostle Paul’s statement in Ephesians that we are saved by grace alone (Ephesians 2:8-9) and James' words: “What good is it, my brothers, if someone says he has faith but does not have works? Can that faith save him? … You see that a person is justified by works and not by faith alone,” (James 2:14, 24, ESV). Without proper hermeneutics, one might mistakenly believe James is teaching salvation by works. However, in context, James is emphasizing that genuine faith naturally produces good works. He’s addressing the fruit of faith, not the means of salvation.

What Are the Principles of Biblical Hermeneutics?

There are several recognized methods of interpreting the Bible. A clear biblical hermeneutic can help you identify your biases in interpretation.² Without faithful methods, we can misinterpret Scripture, hindering the development of a coherent theology and a Christ-centered, mission-driven life.

These principles of biblical hermeneutics can help us gain a holistic understanding of Scripture:^2,6

1. Understand the Vocabulary

The first step in interpreting any passage is to understand the language used. The Bible contains many words that may not be familiar to modern readers, so it’s essential to understand the meaning of words in their usual context. This can be challenging when reading translations, so consulting commentaries written by experts who understand the biblical languages (Hebrew, Aramaic and Greek) and using biblical dictionaries that can explain unusual terms can be helpful.

2. Place the Passage in Context

Context is often one of the most critical factors in interpreting any passage.² This means considering the surrounding verses, the overall theme of the book and the broader narrative of the Bible. Understanding the context helps us avoid isolating verses and twisting their meaning.²

Consider questions such as:

Who is the author?
To whom was the author writing?
Is there a particular event or historical time involved with the passage?
How does this passage fit into the main idea of the chapter and book?

3. Consider the Original Intention

It’s important to understand what the original author intended to communicate to the audience. This helps us avoid misinterpreting or taking verses out of context. Understanding the author’s purpose, the literary genre and the historical context can all help us accurately interpret the text.

4. Seek Understanding Through Prayer

Before studying any passage, pray for God’s wisdom and guidance. Prayer invites the Holy Spirit to reveal the deeper meaning of the text and lead you in your interpretation. It’s an important step in understanding the passage and its relevance to your life.

Explore Biblical Hermeneutics’ Meaning at GCU

Whether you’re studying the Bible for personal growth or preparing for a ministry career, embracing biblical hermeneutics can help you bridge the gap between ancient texts and modern application, ensuring that you handle Scripture with the reverence and accuracy it deserves.

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Brenda Decker

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¹Ratner, P. (2016, Sept. 25). How Old Is the Bible? Big Think. Retrieved Jan. 22, 2025.

² Perry, T. (2022, July 27). All About Hermeneutics: A Guide to Interpreting God’s Word Faithfully. Logos. Retrieved Feb. 14, 2025.

³ Jeter, J. (2023, July 19). What Is Hermeneutics? Ligonier Ministries. Retrieved Feb. 14, 2025.

⁴ Greever, J. (2020, May 11). Biblical Interpretation Loom Recording. Loom. Retrieved Feb. 14, 2025.

⁵ Encyclopedia Britannica. (2025, Jan. 25). Hermeneutics: Principles of Biblical Interpretation. Retrieved Feb. 14, 2025.

⁶ Grace Theological Seminary. (2022, Jan. 4). What is Biblical Hermeneutics? Retrieved Feb. 14, 2025.

Approved and verified accurate by the faculty chair of the College of Theology on March 6, 2025.

The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the author’s and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of Grand Canyon University. Any sources cited were accurate as of the publish date.