Minor Degree Programs

Minor in Accounting – 20 Credits
A minor in accounting includes a focus on accounting principles and theories necessary for preparing financial statements in the United States. Explore auditing standards, the procedures involved in the auditing process and ethical issues faced by auditors. Study the theories and practices of preparing income taxes of corporations, partnerships, estates, trusts and individuals. In addition, learn the principles of cost accounting, including job order systems, process costing, activity-based costing and budgeting.

• Financial Accounting (ACC-250)
• Managerial Accounting (ACC-260)
• Intermediate Accounting I (ACC-370)
• Intermediate Accounting II (ACC-371)
• Cost Accounting (ACC-360)

Minor in Business Analytics - 24 Credits
The minor in business analytics provides students with hands-on foundational skills in analytics and a detailed overview of database structures, data visualization, predictive and perspective analytics, and data mining topics. This minor program focuses on technology, statistics and how to use and interpret data to analyze business.

• Introduction to Computer Technology (BIT-200)
• Business Statistics (BUS-352)
• Introduction to Database Structures (SYM-400)
• Introduction to Business Analytics (BIT-430)
• Advanced Business Analytics (BIT-435)
• Data Mining (BIT-445)

Minor in Business Management – 20 Credits
For individuals interested in the organizational, people-oriented skills of management, GCU offers a minor in business management. You are provided with the skills required to be a global citizen, critical thinker and responsible leader in today's global economy. Focus on key functional areas such as organizational behavior and management, servant leadership, human resources management, accounting, finance and marketing. Receive information on the approaches to organizational development with an emphasis on the practical aspects of changing organizations to improve effectiveness.

• Servant Leadership (MGT-410)
• Managing Business Communication and Change (MGT-325)
• Organizational Behavior and Management (MGT-420)
• Global Business (BUS-390)
• Human Resources (MGT-434)

Minor in Entrepreneurial Studies – 16 Credits
For creative and innovative individuals who are looking to function as entrepreneurs in their own business or in creative roles within organizations, GCU offers a minor in entrepreneurial studies. Entrepreneurship is not just about starting a new business, but also about recognizing opportunity and leading an organization to pursue it. The minor in entrepreneurial studies degree is built on the principles of personal integrity, values and innovation, and addresses key business areas including servant leadership, innovation and entrepreneurial spirit.

• Public Relations and Networking Skills (ENT-320)
• New Venture Financing (ENT-420)
• Entrepreneurship and Innovation (ENT-436)
• Business Execution (ENT-446)

Minor in Finance and Economics – 24 Credits
For those interested in a career in corporate finance, banking, insurance or investment companies, GCU offers a minor in finance and economics. Coursework encompasses areas such as finance, economics, statistics, financial and managerial accounting, marketing, investments and portfolio management. Study international trade and finance while exploring the interrelationships between the international monetary environment and financial planning for corporations with overseas operations. Focus on developing business and leadership skills that address the areas of servant leadership, innovation and entrepreneurial spirit.

• Essentials of Economics (ECN-351)
• Financial Accounting (ACC-250)
• Fundamentals of Business Finance (FIN-350)
• Intermediate Finance (FIN-450)
• Introduction to Investments (FIN-375)
• International Trade and Finance (ECN-450)

Minor in General Business – 20 Credits
A minor in general business provides you with a foundation in business knowledge and skills focusing on the areas of economics, management, organizational behavior, technology, statistics and accounting. This minor complements any non-Colangelo College of Business major with an emphasis on supporting career-readiness, surveying technological trends, as well as engage in microeconomic, macroeconomic and international economics topics. This minor also introduces fundamental principles and practices of financial accounting, and how understanding organizational behavior leads to effective management practice.

• Introduction to Technology (BIT-200)
• Fundamentals of Accounting (ACC-240)
• Business Statistics (BUS-352)
• Essentials of Economics (ECN-351)
• Organizational Behavior and Management (MGT-420)

Minor in Hospitality Management – 16 Credits
For individuals who are interested in the hospitality industry, GCU offers a minor in hospitality management. The minor program provides students an opportunity to gain academic knowledge in the areas of general hospitality, food and beverage, hotel and lodging, and hospitality marketing. Students will receive an introduction to the hospitality industry, as well as an overview of management, operations and hospitality services marketing.

• Introduction to Hospitality (HOS-200)
• Hotel and Lodging Management and Operations (HOS-440)
• Food and Beverage Service Management and Operations (HOS-460)
• Hospitality Services Marketing (HOS-470)

Minor in Marketing – 20 Credits
A minor in marketing addresses topics such as marketing principles, strategic management and the key elements of advertising and public relations. Study buyer and consumer behavior using a scientific approach that examines distinct buyer strategies and decision-making processes of purchase by organizational buyers and consumers. Learn about business research processes and the research documents used as tools to aid in managerial decision-making. Topics include designing research projects, collecting primary and secondary data, conducting ethical research, applying statistical tools and measurement techniques, developing a marketing plan and reporting the research in both written and oral presentation formats.

• Introduction to Marketing (MKT-315)
• Buyer and Consumer Behavior (MKT-345)
• Promotion and Advertising (MKT 415)
• Marketing Management (MKT-450)
• Digital Marketing and Advertising (MKT-462)

Minor in Military Service (ROTC)
The U.S. Armed Forces are more sophisticated than ever, demanding well-educated personnel. To meet this demand, GCU offers a robust and relevant education designed specifically for Army and Air Force military service students. Pursue an Army or Air Force minor to sharpen your abilities in team leadership, military history, defense policy and other key areas.

Army ROTC Minor Courses – 27 Credits

• Introduction to the Army (MSL-101N)
• Foundations of Agile and Adaptive Leadership (MSL-102N)
• Leadership and Decision Making (MSL-201N)
• Army Doctrine and Team Development (MSL-202N)
• Training Management and the Warfighting Functions (MSL-301N)
• Applied Leadership in Small Unit Operations (MSL-302N)
• The Army Officer (MSL-401N)
• Company Grade Leadership (MSL-402N)
• American Military History (HIS-231)

Air Force ROTC Minor Courses – 36 Credits

• Air Force Today I (AES-101)
• Leadership Laboratory (AES-102)
• Air Force Today II (AES-103)
• Leadership Laboratory (AES-104)
• The Evolution of USAF Air and Space Power I (AES-201)
• Leadership Laboratory (AES-202A)
• The Evolution of USAF Air and Space Power II (AES-203)
• Leadership Laboratory (AES-204)
• Air Force Leadership Studies I (AES-301)
• Leadership Laboratory (AES-302)
• Air Force Leadership Studies II (AES-303)
• Leadership Laboratory (AES-304)
• National Security Affairs (AES-401)
• Leadership Laboratory (AES-402)
• Regional Security Issues (AES-403A)
• Leadership Laboratory (AES-404)
• Air Force Physical Fitness (AES-294A)
• Air Force Physical Fitness (AES-294B)
• Air Force Physical Fitness (AES-294C)
• Air Force Physical Fitness (AES-294D)
• Air Force Physical Fitness (AES-294E)
• Air Force Physical Fitness (AES-294F)
• Air Force Physical Fitness (AES-294G)
• Air Force Physical Fitness (AES-294H)

Minor in Sports Management – 20 Credits
A minor in sports management prepares you to specialize in professional sports marketing, sports media, amateur and professional athletics and sports and entertainment event planning. Coursework for this degree focuses on developing key business skills with specific application to the sports industry. Gain an introduction to event planning for athletic, recreational, entertainment and special events with an emphasis on budgeting, site selection, sponsorship and facility management. Examine marketing concepts as they apply to sports organizations, covering topics such as promotions, public relations, sponsorship and sales.

• Introduction to Sports Management (BUS-232)
• Introduction to Marketing (MKT-315)
• Sports Events (BUS-372)
• Sports Marketing (MKT-373)
• Sports Retail Management & Sales (MKT-465)

Minor in Advertising and Graphic Design - 16 Credits
Minor in Advertising and Graphic Design Communication using fundamental of advertising can be used across a variety of disciplines in many settings. The Advertising and Graphic Design minor at Grand Canyon University introduces students to the foundations of design and methods of production. The student is familiarized with a fundamental understanding of advertising principles that have many applications.

• Design Thinking (DDN-101)
• Design Fundamentals (DDN-110)
• Production Methods (DDN-120)
• Fundamentals of Advertising (ADV-110)

Minor in Dance - 19 Credits
The minor in dance provides students with the opportunity to enhance their major program of study with an artistic form that promotes self-development, interpersonal skills, innovation and collaboration. Explore the creative process from rehearsal to live performance. GCU's dance program has a triple-track design, offering jazz, ballet and modern/contemporary dance technique.

• Introduction to Ballet Technique (DAN-100)
• Introduction to Jazz Technique (DAN-101)
• Introduction to Modern Technique (DAN-120)
• Improvisation for Dance (DAN-210)
• Ballet II (DAN-250)
• Jazz II (DAN-260)
• Modern II (DAN-270)
• Vernacular Dance: Tap I (DAN-312)
• Vernacular Dance: Urban & Hip Hop I (DAN-313)
• Dance History I (DAN-315)
• Dance Kinesiology and Injury Prevention (DAN-355)
• Choreography I: Space and Time/Design and Dance (DAN-385)

Minor in Digital Design – 24 Credits
Students pursuing a minor in digital design learn to plan, analyze and create visual solutions. This program focuses on the development of creativity, communication and problem-solving skills that demonstrate critical thinking and ethical leadership. Dive into topics such as design theory and application, including color, typography, illustration, photography and composition principles necessary to prepare print or Web-based design. Create interactive computer graphics using technologies standard in the computer graphics and design industries.

• Design Fundamentals (DDN-110)
• Designing with Type (DDN-210)
• 2D Animation Design (DDN-220)
• Web Design I (DDN-300)
• History of Design (DDN-340)
• Business for the Design Professional (DDN-400)

Minor in Digital Film – 20 Credits
The minor in digital film is designed to produce leaders in the fields of narrative film and video production. The program is built on developing a strong foundation in narrative storytelling, technical skills and the hands-on experience necessary to design and deliver powerful messages. Learn the historic, written and technical aspects of filmmaking and take advantage of opportunities to collaborate with other students on original productions offered by the College of Fine Arts and Production.

• Introduction to Cinema: History and Aesthetics (DFP-101)
• Digital Video Production I (DFP-111)
• Screenwriting I (DFP-221)
• Nonlinear Editing (DFP-225)
• Cinema Directing (DFP-311)

Minor in Music
A minor in music enhances any area of study, from accounting to worship and everything in between. Music studies provide opportunity to develop character, creative problem-solving, higher-level thinking, leadership skills, cooperation and respect for others, and a greater understanding of an individual’s place within the Christian worldview. All music minors are requested to take the Music Theory Placement Assessment to determine their level of knowledge in music theory.

Minor in Music – Instrumental – 24 Credits

• Music Theory I (MUS-130)
• Music Theory I (MUS-130L)
• Music Theory II (MUS-160)
• Music Theory II (MUS-160L)
• Applied Instruction (MBE, MIE, MSE or MWE)
• Four Semesters of Music Ensemble
• Music Appreciation (MUS-210)
• Symphonic Literature (MUS-379)
• Conducting (MUS-223)

Minor in Music – Piano – 24 Credits

• Music Theory I (MUS-130)
• Music Theory I (MUS-130L)
• Music Theory II (MUS-160)
• Music Theory II (MUS-160L)
• Applied Instruction/Private Piano Study (MAP)
• Four Semesters of Music Ensemble
• Music Appreciation (MUS-210)
• Piano Literature I (MUS-370)
• Conducting (MUS-223)

Minor in Music – Vocal – 24 Credits

• Music Theory I (MUS-130)
• Music Theory I (MUS-130L)
• Music Theory II (MUS-160)
• Music Theory II (MUS-160L)
• Applied Instruction/Private Voice Study (MVA)
• Four Semesters of Music Ensemble
• Italian Diction (MUS-111)
• German Diction (MUS-211)
• Conducting (MUS-223)

Minor in Theatre – 24 Credits
GCU is known for its outstanding theatre programs. Earn a minor in theatre and enjoy a uniquely cooperative approach to the fine arts. Prepare for a future where you will be able to apply your performance and production skills across a variety of disciplines. Take part in the University Theatre Series in numerous capacities and explore the creative process from rehearsal to live performance. Our global approach to theatre education training helps you become multi-faceted and prepares you to succeed in today's marketplace.

• Stagecraft (TRE-130)
• Acting I (TRE-145)
• Fundamentals of Theatrical Design (TRE-245)
• Stage Direction (TRE-439)

One of the following two courses:

• Theatre History I: Greek to Restoration (TRE-325)
• Theatre History II: 18th Century to Present (TRE-330)

One of the following two courses:

• Dramatic Literature I (TRE-335)
• Dramatic Literature II (TRE-339)

Minor in Behavioral Health Sciences - 20 Credits
The minor in behavioral health sciences provides a foundational knowledge in understanding diagnosis, writing reports and working on integrative health teams. This minor coordinates well with theoretical backgrounds in psychology, sociology, communications and ministry. The interplay of theory and practical skills will allow the student to market their knowledge to a wider audience of employers. It will help students prepare for careers in behavioral health settings such as community and private organizations. This minor does not lead to licensure.

• Introduction to Counseling Theories (PCN-107)
• Group Dynamics and Process (BHS-240)
• Ethics of Behavioral Health Science (BHS-320)
• Culture and Social Diversity in Behavioral Health (BHS-330)
• Report Writing, Research and Information Literacy in Behavioral Health (BHS-350)

Minor in Communication - 16 Credits
The minor in communication provides a knowledge base of the theory of communication, as well as how to speak, write and think critically-skills employers are looking for in any profession. This minor focuses on the effects of communication for the development of a whole person, socially, culturally and professionally. You will develop skills for participation and leadership in small group settings, as well as understand conflict communication, the negotiation process and organizational theory and application topics relevant to corporate communication. This minor helps prepare you for careers in business, government, education, science and healthcare.

• Fundamentals of Communication (COM-100)
• Small Group Communication (COM-222)
• Conflict and Negotiation (COM-312)
• Organizational Communication (COM-456)

Minor in Counseling - 16 Credits
The minor in counseling provides foundational knowledge in theoretical models of counseling, as well as addiction and substance use disorders. You will explore topics related to substance use, such as biopsychosocial dynamics, impact of addiction, prevention and intervention. This minor equips you with a basic understanding of practitioner skills for assessment, report writing, treatment planning, case management and crisis intervention. In the writing intensive course, you will examine professional responsibilities, from treatment to licensure. This minor complements psychology, sociology, communications and ministry in relation to the behavioral health field. This minor does not lead to licensure.

• Foundations of Addiction and Substance Use Disorders (PCN-100)
• Introduction to Counseling Theories (PCN-107)
• Case Management and Crisis Skills for Addiction and Substance (PCN-225)
• Prof, Legal & Ethical Issues - Addiction & Substance Use Disorder (PCN-404)

Minor in Criminal Justice - 16 Credits
The minor in criminal justice provides knowledge and skills across a broad range of real-world applications in criminal justice. Students acquire detailed knowledge of criminality and the justice system response to criminal behavior. They are prepared for careers in local, state and federal law enforcement such as police, sheriff, probation and correctional officers.

• Criminal Behavior and Victimology (JUS-212)
• Police Function (JUS-320)
• Criminal Law (JUS-430)
• Criminal Procedure and Public Policy (JUS-441)

Minor in Forensic Psychology - 20 Credits
A minor in forensic psychology focuses on the psychological experiences of victims and sheds insight into abnormal human behavior. Students are introduced to an understanding of the criminal justice system and develop the skills to work with people who need assistance coping with the aftereffects of a violent crime. With a minor in forensic psychology, individuals have a competitive edge toward becoming a correctional professional or community mental health worker. This program also supports a career path in health care (hospitals), social work, homeland security or the private sector.

• Criminal Behavior and Victimology (JUS-212)
• Forensic Photography & Reconstruction (SCI-220)
• Crime Scene Processing (SCI-255)
• Crime Scene Processing Lab (SCI-255L)
• Abnormal Psychology (PSY-470)
• Understanding Trauma (BHS-440)

Minor in Human Services Case Management - 16 Credits
The minor in human services case management provides a well-rounded knowledge in understanding trauma-informed care, case management process, coordination of care and working on integrative human services teams and other helping professions. This minor coordinates well with theoretical backgrounds in psychology, sociology, counseling and ministry. Students learn research and report writing skills, problem-solving strategies and how to manage a client case. Other skills learned include, but are not limited to, research and report writing skills, evaluation of interventions, application of professional ethical standards, an integrated approach when working with trauma victims and strategies for termination of services.

• Introduction to Social Work (SOC-372)
• Report Writing, Research and Information Literacy in Behavioral Health (BHS-350)
• Introduction to Trauma-Informed Care (BHS-470)
• Case Management (pre-req: SOC-372) (SOC-445)

Minor in Literature - 16 Credits
The minor in literature provides students with enhanced preparation for graduate work in literature or a career in teaching literature at the post-secondary level. You will explore the British tradition from its foundational texts to modern works (including the Romantic, Victorian and Modernist Eras, American literature from its beginnings to the present, major works of drama from Ancient Greece to the 20th Century and representative plays by William Shakespeare). Areas of study include cultural context, literary techniques and concepts, narratives of cultural encounter and an understanding of themes and genres. This minor complements English, professional writing, communication and history majors.

• Foundational Texts of British Literature (ENG-357)
• Transatlantic Literature (ENG-359)
• American Encounter Narratives (ENG-360)
• Shakespeare and the History of Drama (ENG-451)

Minor in Mathematics - 20 Credits
The minor in mathematics teaches skills in mathematical modeling, including many applications in computer science, engineering and business. It helps students prepare for high-demand careers in STEM (science, technology, engineering and math), statistical modeling and quantitative visualization and analytics.

• Calculus and Analytic Geometry (MAT-252)
• Calculus and Analytic Geometry II (MAT-253)
• Discrete Mathematics (MAT-215)
• Applied Linear Algebra (MAT-345)
• Mathematical Modeling (MAT-470)

Minor in Pre-Law - 16 Credits
The pre-law minor provides you with exposure to major concepts of the law, which include the philosophical underpinnings of the Western legal tradition, civil law, criminal law and the practice of law. This foundation of legal thought is an ideal preparation for law school or a legal career path for students who desire to get a head start in their understanding of the framework of law.

• Philosophy of Law (GOV-357)
• Civil Law (GPV-360)
• Criminal Law (JUS-430)
• Practice of Law (GOV-455)

Minor in Professional Writing - 16 Credits
Understand fundamental techniques for communicating complex ideas, including instructional, journalistic or scientific concepts with a minor in professional writing. Students will develop skills in writing and editing that can be applied to a broad range of careers, including public relations, journalism, creative writing and technical writing.

• Writing for Advertising and PR (ENG-381)
• Multi-Media Journalism in the 21st Century (ENG-365)
• Technical Writing (ENG-466)
• Communicating Scientific Ideas to Popular Audiences (ENG-456)

Minor in Psychology - 20 Credits
The minor in psychology introduces students to the study of human behavior as it relates to every stage of development. Students examine the roles of science and research in understanding and enhancing mental health through coursework in personality, health, culture and clinical contexts of the field. This minor prepares students to apply expertise in behavior and cognition to a wide variety of fields, ranging from education to healthcare, counseling, management, law and communications.

• General Psychology (PSY-102)
• Personality Psychology (PSY-255)
• Health Psychology (PSY-352)
• Social Psychology and Cultural Applications (PSY-362)
• Abnormal Psychology (PSY-470)

Minor in Public Administration - 16 Credits
The minor in public administration enhances students' understanding of how various factions of government and the private sector interact. Students in a business, healthcare or STEM-related field would benefit, especially if there is an interest in a career tied to the public sector. This minor helps students prepare for career opportunities in the non-profit and government sectors.

• American Government and Politics (GOV-140)
• Public Administration (GOV-351)
• State and Local Government (GOV-366)
• Municipal Government and Administration (GOV-376)

Minor in Social Work - 16 Credits
Learn the skills needed to improve the welfare of individuals, families and communities within the minor in social work. This minor provides added benefit to students enrolled in programs such as nursing, psychology, Christian studies, counseling and other disciplines which involve human behavior and wellness management. Students receive a strong introduction to the techniques and practices that are vital to social work practice.

• Introduction to Social Work (SOC-372)
• Human Behavior and the Social Environment (SOC-386)
• Case Management (SOC-445)
• Direct Practice (SOC-449)

Minor in Spanish - 24 Credits
Our minor in Spanish is designed to help you develop an intermediate level of fluency in listening, speaking, reading and writing Spanish. Receive a general introduction to Spanish culture and literature, enhance cross-cultural sensibilities and benefit from new opportunities in the job market.

• Intermediate Spanish I (SPA-214)
• Intermediate Spanish II (SPA-224)
• Spanish Conversation (SPA-309)
• Spanish Composition and Grammar (SPA-310)
• Contemporary Issues (SPA-320)
• Introduction to Literature in Spanish (SPA-341)

Minor in Athletic Coaching – 24 Credits
The minor in athletic coaching is intended to assist the future teacher, fitness professional or other professional who wishes to coach interscholastic, intercollegiate or other sports teams in all aspects of preparation for competition.

• Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology (BIO-155)
• Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology Lab (BIO-155L)
• Care, Treatment, and Prevention of Athletic Injuries (EXS-214)
• Care, Treatment, and Prevention of Athletic Injuries Lab (EXS-214L)
• Theory, Philosophy, and Principles of Coaching (PED-337)

Choose any three of the following courses:

• Coaching Baseball: Theory and Practice (PED-325)
• Coaching Basketball: Theory and Practice (PED-326)
• Coaching Volleyball: Theory and Practice (PED-327)
• Coaching Softball: Theory and Practice (PED-328)
• Coaching Soccer: Theory and Practice (PED-329)

Minor in Chemistry, Chemical and Structural Analysis - 40 Credits

The minor in chemistry is designed to provide students majoring in non-chemistry disciplines with a solid foundation in chemical science. This program, which focuses on the fundamentals of chemical and structural analysis, strengthens students’ transcripts, graduate school applications and resumes. While all students are welcome, this minor is particularly suitable for students looking to go laboratory sciences including forensic science and environmental science.

• Applications of College Algebra (MAT-154)
• General Biology I and Lab (BIO-181/L)
• General Chemistry I and Lab (CHM-113/L)
• General Chemistry II and Lab (CHM-115/L)
• Organic Chemistry I and Lab (CHM-231/L)
• Organic Chemistry II and Lab (CHM-232/L)
• Analytical Chemistry and Lab (CHM-315/L)
• Structural Determination (CHM-333)
• Principles of Biochemistry and Lab (CHM-360/L)
• Advanced Biochemistry and Lab (CHM-460/L)

Minor Chemistry for Physical Science and Engineering - 40 Credits

The minor in chemistry is designed to provide students majoring in non-chemistry disciplines with a solid foundation in chemical science. This program, which focuses on the fundamentals of chemistry as it relates to physical sciences, strengthens students’ transcripts, graduate school applications and resumes. While all students are welcome, this minor is particularly suitable for students in physical science and engineering disciplines.

• Applications of College Algebra (MAT-154)
• Pre-calculus (MAT-261 or MAT-250)
• Calculus for Science/Engineering (MAT-262)
• University Physics I and Lab (PHY-121/L)
• General Chemistry I and Lab (CHM-113/L)
• General Chemistry II and Lab (CHM-115/L)
• Survey of Organic Chemistry and Lab (CHM-235/L)
• Instrumental Analysis and Lab (CHM-365/L)
• Physical Chemistry I and Lab (CHM-441/L)
• Physical Chemistry II and Lab (CHM-444/L)

Minor in Chemistry, Life Sciences - 52 Credits

The minor in chemistry is designed to provide students majoring in non-chemistry disciplines with a solid foundation in chemical science. This program, which focuses on the fundamentals of chemistry as it relates to life processes, strengthens students’ transcripts, graduate school applications and resumes. While all students are welcome, this minor is particularly suitable for students studying life sciences.

• Applications of College Algebra (MAT-154)
• General Biology I and Lab (BIO-181/L)
• Microbiology and Lab (BIO-205/L or BIO-215/L)
• General Chemistry I and Lab (CHM-113/L)
• General Chemistry II and Lab (CHM-115/L)
• Organic Chemistry I and Lab (CHM-231/L)
• Organic Chemistry II and Lab (CHM-232/L)
• Analytic Chemistry and Lab (CHM-315/L)
• Principles of Biochemistry and Lab (CHM-360/L)
• Instrumental Analysis and Lab (CHM-365/L)
• Pharmacology I (CHM-451)
• Pharmacology II (CHM-452)
• Advanced Biochemistry and Lab (CHM-460/L)

Minor in Cybersecurity – 24 Credits
The minor in Cybersecurity provides students with foundational information technology skills in programming, system administration, and computer networks as well as concepts and practical applications of cybersecurity tools, technologies and procedures. Deploying advanced techniques in exploitation, vulnerability assessment, penetration testing, policy management, and security program design, with real-world hands-on practical activities that go beyond theory are integrated within this minor.

• Applications of College Algebra (MAT-154)
• Introduction to Computer Science and Information Technology (CST-111)
• Platforms and Network Technologies (ITT-116)
• System Administration and Maintenance (ITT-121)
• Cyber Security Foundations (ITT-307)
• Cyber Security and Ethical Hacking (ITT-340)

Minor in DB-Driven Web-Based Applications Development - 16 Credits
The minor in DB-driven Web-based applications development offers expanding opportunities for students to learn database programming skills. This minor is applicable to any major and provides the requisite knowledge that aligns with a certificate in PHP/MySQL Programming. Enhancing your knowledge in computer programming, this minor provides you with the skills to build user interfaces and web applications, design/deploy database-driven websites, design/implement MySQL databases and use the cloud as an infrastructure for services.

• Database Application Programming I (CST-126)
• Database Application Programming II (CST-236)
• Database Application Programming III (CST-256)
• Cloud Computing (CST-323)

Minor in E-Business Applications Development - 16 Credits
The minor in e-business applications development offers expanding opportunities for students to learn in-demand programming skills. This minor is applicable to any major and provides the requisite knowledge that aligns with a certificate in Java programming. Enhancing your knowledge in computer programming, this minor focuses on object-oriented techniques in Java, software development using the Java programming language and building applications using software engineering methods. You will also learn concepts, tools and frameworks of Open Source software development.

• Computer Programming I (CST-105)
• Computer Programming II (CST-135)
• Computer Programming III (CST-235)
• Design Patterns in Java (CST-361)

Minor in Enterprise Applications Development - 16 Credits
The minor in enterprise applications development offers expanding opportunities for students to gain a competitive edge with high-demand programming skills. This minor is applicable to any major and provides the requisite knowledge that aligns with a certificate in C#.NET programming. Enhancing your knowledge in computer programming, this minor focuses on fundamentals of C# programming and the .NET platform, advanced features of the C# programming language, building complex enterprise applications and the development of Web applications using ASP.NET and C#. You will also learn concepts, tools and frameworks of Open Source software development.

• Enterprise Applications Programming I (CST-117)
• Enterprise Applications Programming II (CST-227)
• Enterprise Applications Programming III (CST-247)
• Open Source Computing (CST-341)

Minor in Networking Technology – 24 Credits
This minor in networking technology offers opportunities for students to learn in-demand technical skills. This minor provides the knowledge in selection, design, deployment, integration, and administration of networks and communication infrastructures in an organization using in-house and cloud-based solutions. Learning how to implement routing and switching while explaining the physical and transport layers relevant to the IT discipline are offered in this minor. This minor also provides opportunities to implement tools and strategies to meet business objectives and ensure network security as well as explore issues around network management.

• Applications of College Algebra (MAT-154)
• Introduction to Computer Science and Information Technology (CST-111)
• Platforms and Network Technologies (ITT-116)
• Routing and Switching (ITT-270)
• Wireless Networks (ITT-370)
• Analysis, Design and Management of Secure Corporate Networks (ITT-425)

Minor in Nutrition – 16 Credits
This minor in nutrition provides a basic understanding of human nutritional needs and how nutrition contributes to healthy lifestyles and disease prevention. Students will develop a greater understanding of the relationship among food, nutrition and health, as well as gain overall nutrition-relevant knowledge. This programs exposes students to STEM courses and easily fits with any major program of study. 

• Nutrition and Wellness (NSC-150)
• Applied Nutrition (BIO-319)
• Nutrition Across the Lifespan (NSC-305)
• Advanced Nutrition (NSC-419)

Minor in Pre-Medicine – 36 Credits
Our minor in pre-medicine includes the standard science coursework required for admission into most graduate medical programs. It provides the foundational concepts that would be covered in any entrance exam (i.e. MCAT, PCAT, DAT, OAT). While the coursework defined in this minor covers the standard science courses required by almost all graduate programs, schools may have additional requirements for admission. It is strongly recommended that you do some investigation into the admission requirements of the specific graduate programs that you are considering.

• General Biology I (BIO-181)
• General Biology I Lab (BIO-181L)
• General Biology II (BIO-182)
• General Biology II Lab (BIO 182L)
• General Chemistry I (CHM-113)
• General Chemistry I Lab (CHM-113L)
• General Chemistry II (CHM-115)
• General Chemistry II Lab (CHM-115L)
• Organic Chemistry I (CHM-231)
• Organic Chemistry I Lab (CHM-231L)
• Organic Chemistry II (CHM-232)
• Organic Chemistry II Lab (CHM-232L)
• Principles of Biochemistry (CHM-360)
• Principles of Biochemistry Lab (CHM-360L)
• General Physics I (PHY-111)
• General Physics I Lab (PHY-111L)
• General Physics II (PHY-112)
• General Physics II Lab (PHY-112L)

Minor in Systems Administration – 20 Credits
The minor in Systems Administration provides students with hands-on, real-world installation and maintenance best practices associated with systems administration. This minor explores risk management, data storage, and fundamental scripting techniques to manage enterprise infrastructures.

• Introduction to Computer Science and Information Technology (CST-111)
• Platforms and Network Technologies (ITT-116)
• System Administration and Maintenance (ITT-121)
• Cloud Based (ITT-201)
• Cyber Security Foundations (ITT-307)
• Security Driven System Administration (ITT-430)

Minor in Christian Studies - 16 Credits
A minor in Christian studies offers you a basic understanding of the Bible and theology. Gain ethical knowledge while exploring the virtues and habits that shape Christian character and morality. This minor complements foundational teachings introduced in the Christian worldview foundational course, with an emphasis on discipline and character development.

• Old Testament Survey (BIB-106)
• New Testament Survey (BIB-107)
• Christian Character Formation (MIN-320)
• Christian Ethics (HTH-330)

Minor in Philosophy - 16 Credits
A minor in philosophy introduces students to philosophical studies in the key areas of knowledge and reality, ethics and philosophy of religion. The program complements foundational teachings addressed in Christian worldview by providing students with competencies necessary to effectively engage in ethical and philosophical discourse. You will analyze and assess ideas and ethical systems, as well as express those understandings to others.

• Introduction to Philosophy and Ethics (PHI-103)
• Knowledge and Reality (PHI-301)
• Applied Ethics (PHI-307)
• Philosophy of Religion (PHI-403)

Minor in Biblical Studies - 20 Credits
A minor in biblical studies provides you with basic knowledge of the Bible and ability to interpret Scripture effectively. Coursework surveys the Bible, introduces principles and practices for sound interpretation and applies interpretive skills to major divisions of the Bible. This minor is designed for students in any major who want to understand the Bible more fully and learn to interpret it faithfully.

• Old Testament Survey (BIB-106)
• New Testament Survey (BIB-107)
• Biblical Interpretation (BIB-355)
• Old Testament Exegesis: Pentateuch (BIB-350)
• New Testament Exegesis: Gospels and Acts (BIB-360)

Minor in Worship Arts - 20 Credits
A minor in worship arts helps you develop a biblical theology of worship while exploring historical and contemporary approaches to worship. You will gain character and leadership skills for a faithful and fruitful worship ministry in preparation to serve in worship leadership roles. This minor is designed for students in any major who want to develop skill, ability and knowledge for service as effective worship leaders within the church and other Christian worship environments.

• Christian Theology I (HTH-201)
• Christian Theology II (HTH-202)
• Theology of Worship (WSA-322)
• Worship Leadership (WSA-423)
• Christian Worldview and Media (WSA-424)