Why Is a Growth Mindset Important in the Classroom?
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1 Mind Tools. (n.d.). Dweck’s fixed and growth mindsets. Retrieved Nov. 21, 2023.
2 Cherry K. (2022, Nov. 8). Neuroplasticity: How experience changes the brain. Verywell Mind. Retrieved Dec. 11, 2023.
3 Dweck C. (2016, Jan. 13). What having a “growth mindset” actually means. Harvard Business Review. Retrieved Dec. 11, 2023.
4 BrainFutures. (n.d.). Neuroplasticity 101. Retrieved Nov. 21, 2023.
5 Boaler, J. (2013). Ability and mathematics: the mindset revolution that is reshaping education. Forum. Retrieved Nov. 21, 2023.
6 Mcleod, S., PhD. (2023, Nov. 16). Vygotsky’s zone of proximal development and scaffolding theory. Simply Psychology. Retrieved Nov. 21, 2023.
Approved by the assistant dean of the College of Education on Dec. 18, 2023.
Stanford psychologist Carol Dweck coined the idea of a growth mindset.1 She studied the idea that our beliefs about ourselves and, especially, our ability to rethink those beliefs can have a profound impact on our lives. A major part of this growth mindset research was related to what we consider personality.
A fixed mindset about our personality assumes that things like our creativity, intelligence and moral character are static and cannot be changed. This belief structure assumes that any success we have is due to our inherent intelligence or ability. People with a fixed mindset strive for success to prove this sense of being smart or capable. They avoid failure at all costs to look good in front of others.
A growth mindset assumes that our personalities can change and grow. People with a growth mindset see failure as an opportunity to learn and try something new. Challenges can be a way to learn more about the world around us or to stretch our capabilities.
A person with a growth mindset believes they can learn what they do not already know, rather than assuming that they will never be good at something or that they are not smart enough to do something.
Both a fixed mindset and a growth mindset can manifest at an early age. When they do, these mindsets can control many of our future behaviors. They also strongly affect how we deal with both success and failure in personal and professional situations.
The type of mindset a person has can affect their level of happiness. A person with a growth mindset will typically reveal a passion for learning, whereas a person with a fixed mindset may crave the approval of others.
People with a growth mindset believe that intelligence and creativity, as well as things like love and friendship, can be grown and cultivated with practice and time. They are less likely to be discouraged by failure because they reframe challenges as learning opportunities. This allows them to be more likely to feel happy and content.
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Most educators can easily answer, Why is growth mindset important?
Even if you are still in the process of earning your education degree, you can identify when students are flexible in how they respond to difficulties. You know they will be creative in their search for new approaches. A growth mindset in the classroom is revealed in the optimism and perseverance that students exhibit when tackling a challenge.
You can also spot when a student is displaying a fixed mindset. Their thinking is more rigid around their capabilities. They believe they are unequivocally bad or good at tasks. This difference highlights the real importance of a growth mindset — that students can embody growth mindset attitudes even when they once had fixed beliefs about themselves.
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As an educator or aspiring educator, you probably already grasp the basics of why a growth mindset in education is significant. When children believe that their abilities can be developed, they can then understand that their natural intelligence and talent are just the beginning. They can work toward whatever goals they have, and develop the skills and qualities that they aspire to possess.
Some students with a fixed mindset may believe that the high achievers in their classes are naturally gifted, but as an educator, you know that this is usually not the case. High-achieving students put in the work, too.
Helping students understand that hard work, effort, time, patience and thoughtful determination can make a difference in achievement can show them how to develop their persistence. They need to understand that they are capable of whatever they set their mind to as long as they are willing to continue striving.
Teachers do not need to simply stress the importance of a growth mindset. They can also help to develop it by sharing information about brain plasticity. In fact, Dweck’s findings have recently been supported by brain and neuroscience research.
Researchers have shown that the connections between neurons in our brain can change as we grow and gain experience.2 These new connections not only add to the neural networks but also speed up the transmission of electrical signals in the brain. Strategies such as asking questions and challenging ourselves can also build neural pathways.2
Indeed, the human brain is extremely malleable. Research on brain plasticity shows that connectivity can change with experience — brain networks can grow new connections and strengthen existing ones when learning takes place. This research proves what people with a growth mindset may already believe that we can indeed increase our brain growth when we practice and try new things.
So, why is a growth mindset important for students? When students understand how their brains can grow, they may be more willing to try new experiences. A student with a growth mindset will work toward goals, even when that work is challenging. They will perhaps even pursue topics that are challenging because of the learning that comes from them.
Students with a growth mindset often persist despite failure and are more likely to see failure as a steppingstone in the learning process. The result of a growth mindset can be reaching higher levels of achievement than peers with fixed mindsets, who often plateau early and achieve less than their full potential.3
Teach students that any time they experience something unique or ask questions about topics they might not already know about, they are physically growing their brains. This means they are building their intelligence and establishing a growth mindset. Research has shown that when seventh graders were taught about brain plasticity and that intelligence is something they can grow, their math grades improved.4
It is usually easy to determine which students in a classroom demonstrate a growth mindset. Teachers may see these growth mindset characteristics in some students:
Like students, teachers also need to develop a growth mindset. To do so, you may need help from your school administrators or mentors in your education degree program. Some strategies that you might ask your school administrator to consider include:
The growth mindset is a popular concept in education, and many professional development courses teach educators how to model a growth mindset with their students. You may even be able to take growth mindset coursework when earning your education degree.
Examining this topic can help you become aware of your mindset and learn more about how to bring a growth mindset to work and your students. Teachers can improve their pedagogical practice by developing a growth mindset and believing they can overcome the challenges that they face in the classroom.
Teachers who never try, never fail. If a teacher continues with the same practices they have used for their entire career, they are not demonstrating a growth mindset. A school administrator can encourage teachers to step out of their comfort zones by asking for their feedback about campus-related issues.
By asking teachers to think creatively about how to solve problems that affect the campus, administrators are asking teachers to try new approaches. When teachers approach problem-solving and decision-making with a growth mindset, they can help make the school a better place whether their ideas are implemented or not.
School administrators can ask teachers to reflect on their teaching experiences. A growth mindset is often developed upon reflection. When a teacher considers something that went well, they may want to keep doing it. Conversely, when they reflect on something that did not go well, they can think about what needs to change.
You can include self-reflection as part of your daily or weekly lesson planning process to determine the parts of your teaching practice that need to change. When administrators implement this practice school-wide, they are demonstrating the importance of a growth mindset in education.
Many teachers dread the end-of-year performance review. These summative reviews give them information about their teaching practice when it is too late to implement changes with the current class of students. The teacher does not have enough time to change their practice based on feedback.
Instead of relying only on reviews at the end of the year, school leadership could provide many formative evaluations throughout the year so that teachers can reflect on their practice and make the changes that they need to feel more successful.
When you earn your teaching degree at Grand Canyon University, you will explore many techniques to nurture a growth mindset in your students and develop classrooms full of confident, adventurous students who are ready to learn from every opportunity. Learn more about the College of Education at GCU and our degree programs, such as the Bachelor of Science in Educational Studies (NITL). Simply fill out the form on the page to speak to a university counselor and explore the admissions process.
If a growth mindset is important for a student’s long-term success, does this mean that students with a fixed mindset will never reach their true potential? Not at all.
The good news is that when teachers recognize that a student is operating with a fixed mindset, there are things they can do to help change these thought patterns. Students who are taught about how memory works and how the brain can grow actually show an increase in effort and motivation compared to students who do not receive the same training.5
Take a closer look at 11 strategies for fostering a growth mindset in education.
Students who are taught about how memory works and how the brain can grow show increased effort and motivation compared with students who do not receive the same training.3
Teachers can influence mindset by giving specific types of feedback. General praise about intelligence, such as saying, “You are so smart!” can negatively affect motivation and achievement. Instead, give praise for effort, rather than innate intelligence, to encourage students to progress and show more challenge-seeking behaviors.
Educators often see a fixed mindset in mathematics. Traditionally, math algorithms are taught as the only way to solve a problem, which ignores the problem-solving techniques students often start with. Teachers can begin math lessons by sharing open-ended problems and asking students to share their strategies rather than teaching only one way to solve the problem.
A growth mindset develops when students have to respond to challenges. By presenting challenging activities, teachers can allow students to struggle and fail in a safe, supportive environment.
Some classroom activities that support a growth mindset in this way might be projects such as building bridges or towers out of unique materials like noodles or toothpicks. These challenges permit students to think critically about a problem and develop new strategies if they fail. Make sure to offer students multiple attempts at these activities so they can build on each opportunity to learn and change their methodology.
When you talk about yourself to students, make sure you are modeling a growth mindset. Tell them about times you struggled with a task, kept trying and eventually succeeded. Be sure to highlight failures in your life and explain to students how you grow and learn from them.
Specifically, consider sharing your thought processes as you worked through a challenge. Demonstrating how you try to resolve the issue provides the students with a model of how to face challenges and apply relevant problem-solving strategies.
Teachers who want to help their students develop a growth mindset should include feedback around imperfections in student evaluation. Instead of dismissing imperfection as undesirable, a teacher can celebrate the challenges that students have gone through and help them reflect on the growth that they have made.
One reason a fixed mindset persists is that people are afraid of looking foolish in front of others. When a teacher builds a supportive classroom community, students are willing to be brave in the face of new challenges. This can help them develop a growth mindset because they care more about learning than about looking good in front of their peers.
When educators consistently model learning and flexibility, they help cultivate a learning environment that allows for opportunities to grow from failures. When educators make an error, they can highlight it and seek the students’ input on how to correct the error. By practicing this type of behavior, students may be more likely to not be embarrassed when they make a mistake.
They will also be more prepared to support each other in fixing mistakes. For instance, if a student arrives at the wrong solution for a multiplication problem, other students can guide their classmate in solving the problem together, justifying their approach and arriving at the correct solution as a team.
Developing a growth mindset is rooted in the ability to learn from mistakes, failures and challenges. However, if a student does not know how to receive feedback, they may have difficulty moving forward and implementing change. Be explicit about how to handle feedback to promote a growth mindset.
This strategy goes hand-in-hand with teaching students how to handle feedback. As a teacher, you can have meaningful dialogue with your students to provide feedback on their performances and set Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic and Timely (SMART) goals.
For instance, when discussing a student’s essay, the teacher can indicate how well the student conveyed his/her ideas, used varied sentence structures and employed a variety of word choices. Afterward, they can collaborate to set SMART goals for the next assignment.
Growth mindset is based on the idea that one’s abilities are developed as a result of intentional efforts. When educators provide an environment that allows for this to happen, students are more likely to grow and develop academically, socially and emotionally. One of the biggest things to remember about having a growth mindset is that it’s a journey that does not come automatically and often is a continued process.
Teachers who include more process-oriented activities can help build a growth mindset in students. By valuing the process rather than the result, teachers show students that they can learn and make changes at any point along the way.
Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) supports the idea of creating lessons and experiences that stretch the students’ cognitive abilities so they gain new knowledge and skills.6 These can be applied in project-based lessons that are relevant and meaningful to students and their world.
For example, when students are learning about World War 2 and the Holocaust, they often read books such as “Number the Stars.” During a literature circle with mixed-ability groupings, students may collaborate with one another to explore the various themes and ideas in the book. Additionally, they can compare and contrast those themes with current events.
