Read time 8 minutes
Published On Nov 28, 2023

Written By
Dr. Stephanie Knight-Hay
Adjunct Faculty, College of Education

1 Fisher, D. and Fry, N. (2023). Are we scaffolding too much? Learning Without Tears. Retrieved on Oct. 3, 2023. 

2 XQ Team. What is Scaffolding in Education? Medium. Retrieved May 1, 2025. 

3 Loveless, B. (n.d.). Scaffolding in Education. Education Corner. Retrieved on Oct. 3, 2023. 

4 Van de Pol, J., Volman, M., Oort, F., and Beishuizen, J. (2015, June 5). The effects of scaffolding in the classroom: support contingency and student independent working time in relation to student achievement, task effort and appreciation of support. Springer Link. Retrieved on Oct. 3, 2023. 

5 Spector, C. (2019, Sept. 30). Embrace the struggle: Stanford education professor challenges common beliefs about teaching and learning. Stanford News. Retrieved on Oct. 3, 2023. 

6 Bjork, E. L., & Bjork, R. A. (2011). Making things hard on yourself, but in a good way: Creating desirable difficulties to enhance learning. In M. A. Gernsbacher, R. W. Pew, L. M. Hough, & J. R. Pomerantz (Eds.), Psychology and the real world: Essays illustrating fundamental contributions to society (pp. 56–64). Worth Publishers.

Approved by faculty for the College of Education on Nov. 10, 2023.

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